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1.
J. negat. no posit. results ; 7(1): 4-17, Ene-Mar. 2022.
Article Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-209205

El bruxismo se caracteriza por ser una actividad relacionada la activación de los músculos masticatorios de forma repetitiva y habitualmente durante el sueño. La relevancia de esta entidad reside en su asociación con erosiones y movilidad dentarias, fracturas dentales, mialgia e hipertrofia del músculo masetero y o artralgia característica. Si bien de etiología no clara se relaciona con multitud de factores fisiopatológicos. En la actualidad existen multitud de líneas de tratamiento para este problema de salud, tales como: terapia cognitivo-conductual, férulas de oclusión o de descarga, opciones farmacológicas como benzodiacepinas, y dopamina. Estas medidas habitualmente sirven como manejo de los signos y síntomas derivados del bruxismo, pero la eficacia de todas ella no es total. Actualmente, ante la necesidad de búsqueda de otras opciones terapéuticas al problema del bruxismo, múltiples ensayos han centrado su atención en la utilización de la toxina botulínica como alternativa, teniendo en cuenta su eficacia para una amplia variedad de patologías médicas y estéticas.El objetivo de esta puesta al día es actualizar el conocimiento a fecha actual de la evidencia existente acerca de la utilización de la toxina botulínica en el tratamiento del bruxismo. Para ello se seleccionan las revisiones sistemáticas existentes que incluyen los principales ensayos clínicos aleatorizados disponibles.Método: Revisión bibliográfica en las principales bases de datos utilizando las palabras “bruxismo” y/o “toxina botulínica” Resultados: Tras el análisis de las diferentes revisiones podemos decir que todos los resultados apuntan en la misma dirección: que las inyecciones de toxina botulínica en el masetero y / o los músculos temporales pueden ser una opción de tratamiento válida en pacientes con bruxismo, ya que pueden mejorar la calidad de vida.(AU)


Bruxism is characterized by being an activity related to the activation of the chewing muscles repeatedly and usually during sleep. The relevance of this entity resides in its association with tooth erosions and mobility, dental fractures, myalgia and hypertrophy of the masseter muscle and or characteristic arthralgia. Although its etiology is not clear, it is related to a multitude of pathophysiological factors. Currently there are many lines of treatment for this health problem, such as: cognitive-behavioral therapy, occlusion or discharge splints, pharmacological options such as benzodiazepines, and dopamine. These measures usually serve to manage the signs and symptoms derived from bruxism, but the effectiveness of all of them is not total. Currently, faced with the need to search for other therapeutic options for the problem of bruxism, multiple trials have focused their attention on the use of botulinum toxin as an alternative, taking into account its efficacy for a wide variety of medical and aesthetic pathologies. The objective of this update is to update the knowledge to date of the existing evidence about the use of botulinum toxin in the treatment of bruxism. For this, the existing systematic reviews that include the main available randomized clinical trials are selected. Method: Bibliographic review in the main databases using the words "bruxism" and / or "botulinum toxin" Results: After the analysis of the different reviews we can say that all the results point in the same direction: that botulinum toxin injections in the masseter and / or temporal muscles can be a valid treatment option in patients with bruxism, since they can improve the quality of life. With the exception of the systematic review by Ågren et al, 28 who do not see evidence through the tests that record electromyographic activity and bite force to recommend the use of botulinum toxin as a treatment for bruxism at the present time.(AU)


Humans , Male , Female , Bruxism/drug therapy , Bruxism/therapy , Tooth Erosion , Tooth Mobility , Tooth Fractures , Myalgia , Masseter Muscle , Arthralgia , Periodontal Splints , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use , Quality of Life , Infiltration-Percolation , Bite Force
2.
Rev. esp. geriatr. gerontol. (Ed. impr.) ; 49(1): 10-14, ene.-feb. 2014.
Article Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-118621

Introducción. El dolor está considerado como un grave problema en el entorno residencial afectando entre un 49 y un 83% de los residentes. El proceso evolutivo de la enfermedad de Alzheimer puede conllevar dificultades de comunicación y comprensión de las escalas de evaluación de dolor, dificultando su evaluación y tratamiento. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue validar la versión española del PAINAD (PAINAD-Sp) y evaluar su aplicabilidad en un Centro Gerontológico en España. Material y métodos. Veinte usuarias diagnosticadas de demencia avanzada fueron observadas por 5 observadores con diferentes perfiles profesionales durante 5 min en 3 condiciones: reposo, durante actividad agradable y en situación de dolor. La PAINAD-Sp fue administrada simultáneamente a una escala analógica visual. Resultados. Los resultados muestran que el alfa de Cronbach se encontraba entre 0,467 y 0,827 (con una media de 0,692, que subía si el ítem de respiración se eliminaba). La fiabilidad interjueces variaba entre 0,587 y 0,956. La correlación entre la medida total en PAINAD-Sp y en una Escala Visual Analógica fue estadísticamente significativa (p < 0,05) en todas las medidas y variaba entre 0,517 y 0,868. Conclusiones. Los resultados del estudio muestran que la escala PAINAD-Sp es eficaz para medir el dolor en personas con demencia sin capacidad de comunicación. Esta escala puede ser usada por diferentes profesionales de la salud con poco entrenamiento y presenta una buena fiabilidad (AU)


Introduction. Pain in elderly people is considered a major concern in nursing home facilities affecting between 49% and 83% of the residents. Progression of Alzheimer's Disease causes more communication difficulties in patients with advanced dementia and therefore more problems to understand even the most simple pain evaluation scales. Identification and implementation of appropriate pain management strategies depends on an adequate pain assessment. Material and methods. The main objective of the study was to validate the Spanish version of the PAINAD Scale (PAINAD-Sp) and to assess its applicability in Spanish Geriatric Nursing Homes. The 20 patients diagnosed with severe dementia from a Geriatric Centre in Spain were observed by five observers with different professional profiles for 5 minutes to each participant, and PAINAD-Sp Scale was administered simultaneously to a Visual Analogical Scale-VAS. Three different observational conditions were established: resting condition, during presumably pleasant activity and during presumable painful activity. Results. Cronbach's alpha ranged between 0.467 and 0.827 (average 0.692), and rose if Breathing item was deleted. Inter-rater reliability ranged between 0.587 and 0.956. Correlation between PAINAD-Sp Scale total measures and VAS was statistically significant (P<.05) in all measures and ranged from 0.517 to 0.868. Conclusions. Findings in the study showed that the scale is useful to measure pain in non communicative patients suffering from dementia. The scale maintains good levels of reliability for different healthcare professionals even when they have little training (AU)


Humans , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pain , Dementia/diagnosis , Dementia/psychology , Mental Status Schedule , Alzheimer Disease/epidemiology , Alzheimer Disease/prevention & control , Reproducibility of Results/methods , Reproducibility of Results/trends , Reproducibility of Results , Data Analysis/methods , Pain Management/methods , Pain Management
3.
Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol ; 49(1): 10-4, 2014.
Article Es | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23746393

INTRODUCTION: Pain in elderly people is considered a major concern in nursing home facilities affecting between 49% and 83% of the residents. Progression of Alzheimer's Disease causes more communication difficulties in patients with advanced dementia and therefore more problems to understand even the most simple pain evaluation scales. Identification and implementation of appropriate pain management strategies depends on an adequate pain assessment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The main objective of the study was to validate the Spanish version of the PAINAD Scale (PAINAD-Sp) and to assess its applicability in Spanish Geriatric Nursing Homes. The 20 patients diagnosed with severe dementia from a Geriatric Centre in Spain were observed by five observers with different professional profiles for 5 minutes to each participant, and PAINAD-Sp Scale was administered simultaneously to a Visual Analogical Scale-VAS. Three different observational conditions were established: resting condition, during presumably pleasant activity and during presumable painful activity. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha ranged between 0.467 and 0.827 (average 0.692), and rose if Breathing item was deleted. Inter-rater reliability ranged between 0.587 and 0.956. Correlation between PAINAD-Sp Scale total measures and VAS was statistically significant (P<.05) in all measures and ranged from 0.517 to 0.868. CONCLUSIONS: Findings in the study showed that the scale is useful to measure pain in non communicative patients suffering from dementia. The scale maintains good levels of reliability for different healthcare professionals even when they have little training.


Dementia , Pain Measurement , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Language , Reproducibility of Results , Severity of Illness Index
4.
Rev. esp. geriatr. gerontol. (Ed. impr.) ; 41(4): 222-227, jul. 2006. tab
Article Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-047858

Introducción y objetivos: la autoeficacia hace referencia a las creencias personales sobre la capacidad de organizar y comprometerse en acciones particulares para manejar una determinada situación. Dentro de un estudio más amplio sobre calidad de vida, hemos intentado conocer cómo es la percepción de autoeficacia en el manejo de los problemas y su contribución como modulador del estrés en la vejez avanzada. Sujetos y método: participaron 400 personas (75-104 años) no institucionalizadas de Salamanca. Medimos la percepción de autoeficacia presente y futura, además de variables sociodemográficas y de satisfacción con la vida (satisfaction with life scale; Diener et al, 1985). Resultados: la mayoría de las personas mayores de 75 años percibe como efectivo su manejo de los problemas actuales y futuros. Aparecen diferencias de edad (los de 75-84 años consideran su capacidad de afrontamiento presente y futura más efectiva que los mayores de 85 años) y de sexo (las mujeres muy mayores se perciben menos autoeficaces que los varones muy mayores). La percepción de autoeficacia futura predice la satisfacción vital de las personas muy mayores. Conclusiones: percibirse como autoeficaces en el manejo de los problemas futuros protege el bienestar de las personas muy mayores. Se comprueba el papel de la autoeficacia en el mantenimiento de la resistencia psicológica en la vejez avanzada


Introduction and objectives: self-efficacy refers to a personal belief in one's ability to organize and commit oneself to specific actions for dealing with a concrete situation. As part of a broader study on quality of life, we aimed to further our understanding of perception of self-efficacy in dealing with problems and its role as a stress modulator in advanced old age. Subjects and method: the study included 400 very elderly persons aged between 75 and 104 years from the city of Salamanca (Spain) who were residing in the community. We measured present and future perception of self-efficacy, sociodemographic variables and satisfaction with life --satisfaction with life scale-- (Diener et al, 1985). Results: most of those aged over 75 years perceived their handling of current and future problems to be effective. Differences were found according to age (those aged between 75 and 84 considered their present and future ability to cope to be more effective than those aged over 85) and according to gender (very old women perceived themselves to be less self-effective than very old men). The perception of future self-efficacy predicted satisfaction with life in very old people. Conclusions: the perception of self-efficacy in the handling of future problems protects the personal well-being of very old people. The results of the present study verify the role of self-efficacy in the maintenance of psychological resilience in advanced old age


Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Personal Satisfaction , Problem Solving , Quality of Life/psychology , Self Efficacy , Perception
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